Reproductive Innovations: Control of Sow Estrus and Breeding

The increasing successful use of artificial insemination is facilitated by a greater knowledge of the biology of the sow during her estrous period. The realization of the importance of establishing an adequate sperm reservoir in the oviduct at an appropriate time relative to ovulation has led to advances in the management of artificial insemination. In particular, knowledge of when a sow is likely to ovulate during a natural or induced estrous period, and mechanisms influencing sperm transport have been valuable. The future of artificial insemination will likely involve a single semen dose having a reduced sperm number. This will be made possible by knowledge of the effect of site of sperm deposition on sow fertility.